That means, Members, Advantages of Realizing

Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S

Varga = group

Chatushtaya = 4

Varga Chatushtaya means ‘Group of 4’.

Reference – Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana, Chapter 1 – Vedotpatti Adhyaya, Verse 44

Varga Chatushtaya as described by Acharya Sushruta

Members of Varga Chatushtaya

Acharya Sushruta, in Sutra Sthana – Chapter 1 of Sushruta Samhita has described Varga Chatushtaya. It includes 4 members. They’re –

1. Ahara – group of meals supplies
2. Aushadha – group of medicinal herbs
3. Parthiva – group of supplies derived from earth
4. Kalakrita – group of particular components of kala i.e. time

 Associated AIAPGET Questions

1. Varga Chatushtaya defined by Dalhana consists of – (Su.Su.1/44)
2. Samswedaja, Jarayuja, Andaja, Udbhija
3.   Ahara, Achara, Parthiva, Kalakrit
4. Sthavara, Jangama, Parthiva, Kalakrit
5.   Not one of the above

Ans – This query was requested in Gujarat Public Service Fee – Lecturer Screening Check – 2018 – Maulika Siddhanta

Different associated questions

2. The Varga Chatushtaya are defined wherein chapter of Sushruta Samhita?
3. Su.Su.1
4.   Su.Sha.1
5. Su.Kalp.1
6.   Su.Chi.1

Ans – a. Su.Su.1

3. Varga Chatushtaya described by Acharya Vagbhata are –
4. Vikaranam Prakopanam
5.   Vikaranam Prashamanam
6. None
7.   Each

Ans – d. Each (Su.Su.1/44)

4. Varga Chaturvidha or Varga Chatushtaya which may trigger prakopa or prashamana of vikaras are defined by –
5. Acharya Vagbhata
6.   Acharya Sushruta
7. Acharya Charaka
8.   Acharya Sharngdhara

Ans – b. Acharya Sushruta (Su.Su.1/44)

Want for research and Advantages of Understanding the Varga Chatushtaya

Firstly, Acharya Sushruta describes every of those 4 members intimately i.e. Ahara – the group of meals of plant and animal origins, Aushadha – the group of medicines, Parthiva – the group of earthly issues and Kalakrita – these that are derived from the time. Later he concludes by mentioning that the above 4 shall be thought-about as Varga Chaturvidha or Varga Chatushtaya.

Want for Examine – 

शारीराणां विकाराणामेष वर्गश्चतुर्विधः ।

प्रकोपे प्रशमे चैव हेतुरुक्तश्चिकित्सकै:|| Su.Su.1/44

It is extremely important to check and perceive this idea for the physicians. The information of the identical can also be very a lot important for a typical man. It will assist one to grasp that the identical 4 teams of issues talked about in Chaturvidha Varga are liable for each well being and ailments, relying on how skilfully or wrongfully one will get uncovered to them respectively.

Acharya Sushruta says – ‘The physicians imagine that these 4 teams i.e. ahara, aushadha, parthiva and kalakrita both improve (trigger aggravation or exacerbation) or lower (trigger pacification or diminution) of the ailments within the physique’.

This merely means to say that, when they’re skilfully used, they lower or pacify the ailments and therefore are therapeutic in nature. When the identical 4 are used unskilfully would grow to be victims of many ailments or aggravation of the prevailing ailments. Briefly, they might contribute in direction of pathogenesis of ailments.

Now we’ll simply contact upon these 4 vargas briefly.

Varga Chatushtaya in a Nutshell

1. Ahara – meals

Ahara – meals – is claimed to be the mula i.e. root of sustenance of life for all of the dwelling beings. It bestows power, color, complexion and vitality on people. These options aren’t simply supported by the meals, however are additionally protected by it.

These meals comprise of and are enriched by the shad rasas. Shad Rasas are the six tastes constituted within the meals. They’re –

–        Madhura – candy

–        Amla – bitter

–        Lavana – salt

–        Katu – pungent

–        Tikta – bitter and

–        Kashaya – astringent

2. Aushadha – means medicinal herbs or medicines

Aushadhas – medicinal herbs – are the dravyas – substances utilized in treating ailments. In these dravyas are positioned the Rasas – the six tastes. Not all rasas are positioned in all of the dravyas. Every dravya has a rasa or rasas particular to them. Thus, the six sorts of rasas are positioned of their respective dravyas.

There are two sorts of dravyas. They’re –

1. Sthavara Dravyas – motionless substances – plant kingdom
2.   Jangama Dravyas – cell substances – animal kingdom

Sthavara Dravya is of 4 varieties. They’re –

1. Vanaspati – they don’t have flowers however bear fruits
2. Vrksha – they bear each flowers (which manifest first) and fruits (which come later)

iii. Virudha – they unfold on the bottom or creep on different crops. Creepers and shrubs are included herein.

1. Aushadhi – they exist solely till the fruits ripen and perish after that occurs.

Components helpful for medicinal functions – twak (bark), patra (leaves), pushpa (flowers), phala (fruits), mula (roots), kanda (rhizomes), niryasa (resin, gum), swarasa (juice, latex, sap)

Jangama Dravya is of 4 varieties. They’re –

1. Jarayuja – born from placenta (womb) – examples – cattle, man, wild animals and so on.
2. Andaja – born out of eggs – examples – birds, snakes, creeping animals like snakes and so on.

iii. Swedaja – born from sweat, heat and such different filth – examples – worms, bugs, ants and so on.

1. Udbhija – born from earth – examples – indragopa (cochineal insect), frogs and so on.

Components helpful for medicinal functions – charma (pores and skin, cover), nakha (nails, claws), roma (physique hairs), rudhira (blood) and so on.

3. Parthiva Dravyas – supplies derived from earth

Among the many Parthiva Dravyas, under talked about are helpful –

1. Suvarna – gold
2.   Rajata – silver
3. Mani – valuable stones,
4.   Mukta – pearls
5. Manahshila – orpiment
6. Mruttika – mud / earth / clay
7. Kapala – piece of earthen pot

Ores and metals are additionally included on this class.

4. Kala Krita – results of time

Kala means time issue. Beneath talked about are the particular components of time that are useful for remedy functions –

1. Pravata – heavy breeze
2.   Nivata – delicate breeze
3. Atapa – daylight
4.   Chaya – shade
5. Jyotsna – moonlight
6. Tama – darkness
7. Shita – chilly
8.   Ushna – warmth, heat
9. Varsha – rains
10. Ahoratra – day and night time
11. Paksha – fortnight
12. Masa – month
13. Rutu – seasons
14.   Ayana – solstice
15.   Samvatsara – 12 months and so on.

The above talked about are numerous variants and shows of kala. They by their fundamental nature would trigger sanchaya (accumulation), prakopa (aggravation, improve), prashama (pacification) and pratikara (remedy) of doshas. Due to this fact, kala is beneficial in remedy of aggravated doshas and the ailments induced because of them.